Formación del residente en cirugía laparoscópica en coloproctología: análisis retrospectivo de morbimortalidad y pronóstico oncológico sobre 408 pacientes en nuestro centro / Resident training in colorectal laparoscopic surgery: A retrospective morbidity, mortality and survival analysis of 408 cases in our environment

Introducción El cáncer de colon y recto presenta una incidencia creciente en nuestra sociedad. Sin embargo, la realización de intervenciones por laparoscopia en este subcampo sigue sin incluirse de forma protocolizada en el Programa Nacional de Formación. Ante la falta de referencias, nuestro objetivo fue analizar la participación del residente en cirugía colorrectal laparoscópica y su posible efecto sobre la morbimortalidad y el pronóstico oncológico. Métodos Estudio retrospectivo longitudinal unicéntrico que incluyó todas las intervenciones de cirugía colorrectal realizadas por residentes (grupo R) y adjuntos (grupo A) por laparoscopia entre el 01 de enero de 2009 y el 31 de diciembre de 2017, manteniendo el seguimiento hasta el 31 de diciembre de 2018. Se analizó la morbimortalidad postoperatoria, la supervivencia global (SVG) y libre de enfermedad (SLE), y su relación con la participación del residente como primer cirujano. Resultados Se analizaron 408 pacientes, de los cuáles 138 (33,8%) fueron intervenidos por parte de residentes bajo supervisión y 270 (66,2%) por parte de adjuntos. No se detectaron diferencias en la tasa de complicaciones postoperatorias entre ambos grupos (OR: 1,536; IC 95%: 0,947-2,409; p = 0,081). Asimismo, la participación del residente no tuvo influencia sobre la recidiva tumoral (grupo R:14,2% vs. grupo A: 16,9%; p = 0,588) ni sobre la SVG (p = 0,562) ni SLE (p = 0,305). Conclusiones La realización de cirugía laparoscópica colorrectal por parte del residente no tuvo influencia sobre la morbimortalidad ni el pronóstico oncológico en nuestro centro. La realización de estudios prospectivos y de mayor evidencia proporcionará un mayor conocimiento, posibilitando una mejora progresiva de la metodología docente (AU)

Introduction Colorectal cancer has a growing incidence in our society. However, the performance of laparoscopic interventions in this field is still not included in the National Training Program. Given the lack of references, our objective was to analyze the resident's participation in laparoscopic colorectal surgery and its possible effect on morbidity and mortality and oncological prognosis. Methods A retrospective longitudinal single-center study that included all laparoscopic colorectal surgical procedures performed by residents (R group) and by attending surgeons (A group) between 01/01/2009 and 12/31/2017, maintaining follow-up until 12/31/2018. Postoperative morbidity and mortality, overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS), as well as their relationship with the resident involvement as first surgeon were analyzed. Results 408 patients were analyzed, of which 138 (33.8%) were operated by a supervised resident and 270 (66.2%) by the attending surgeon. No differences were detected in the rate of postoperative complications between both groups (OR: 1.536; 95% CI: 0.947-2.409; p=0.081). Furthermore, resident participation had no influence on tumor recurrence rate (R Group: 14.2% vs. A Group: 16.9%; p=0.588) or on overall (p = 0.562) or disease-free survival (p = 0.305). Conclusion Resident involvement in laparoscopic colorectal surgery had no influence on morbidity and mortality or oncological prognosis in our center. Conducting prospective studies in this regard will provide greater knowledge, enabling a progressive improvement of the training program (AU)

Resultados y evolución histórica de las redes sociales en el American College of Surgeons Clinical Congress y el Congreso Nacional de Cirugía. Análisis del #ACSCC20 y #CNCirugia2020 / Trends of social networks in the American College of Surgeons Clinical Congress and the Congreso Nacional de Cirugía. Analysis of the #ACSCC20 and #CNCirugia2020

Objetivo El objetivo de este estudio es analizar el impacto de los congresos del American College of Surgeons Clinical Congress (ACSCC2020) y del Congreso Nacional de Cirugía de la Asociación Española de Cirujanos (CNC2020) en formato virtual por la pandemia SARS-CoV-2 según la huella digital. Material y métodos Se estudiaron los hashtags de Twitter #ACSCC20 y #CNCirugia2020 para determinar tuits, retuits, usuarios e impresiones. Se analizaron los datos sobre las cuentas con mayor influencia y la evolución histórica de los congresos entre 2015 y 2020. Utilizamos el software symplur para la recogida y análisis de los datos. Resultados Entre 2015 y 2017 hubo un incremento consistente en el número de tuits, participantes e impresiones. Entre 2018 y 2020, el ACS mantiene el número de impresiones con menor cantidad de tuits. Sin embargo, el CNC sigue creciendo y logra sus mejores métricas en el presente 2020. Encontramos diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre las cuentas más prolíficas del ACSCC frente al CNC (p<0,002), pero no existen diferencias entre las 10 cuentas más influyentes (p=0,19) o las cuentas con mayor número de impresiones (p=0,450). Conclusiones Los congresos virtuales generan un impacto global a través del uso de Twitter para la diseminación de conocimiento. En el presente 2020 el crecimiento del impacto en redes sociales ha sido proporcionalmente mayor en el CNC que en el ACSCC. No obstante, el congreso virtual del ACS generó mayor impacto en las redes sociales medido por el número de usuarios, tuits e impresiones entre 2015 y 2020 (AU)

Aim The objective of this study is to analyze the impact of the American College of Surgeons Clinical Congress (ACSCC2020) and the National Surgery Congress of the Spanish Association of Surgeons (CNC2020) in virtual format due to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic according to the fingerprint.Material and methods The Twitter hashtags # ACSCC20 and # CNCirugia2020 were studied to determine tweets, retweets, users and impressions. The data on the accounts with the greatest influence and the historical evolution of the congresses between 2015 and 2020 were analyzed. We used the symplur software to collect and analyze the data. Results Between 2015 and 2017 there was a consistent increase in the number of tweets, participants and impressions. Between 2018 and 2020, the ACS maintains the number of impressions with the fewest number of tweets. However, the CNC continues to grow and achieves its best metrics in 2020. We found statistically significant differences between the most prolific accounts of the ACSCC versus the CNC (P<.002) but there are no differences between the 10 most influential accounts (P=.19) or the accounts with the highest number of impressions (P=.450). Conclusions Virtual congresses generate a global impact through the use of Twitter for the dissemination of knowledge. In the present 2020, the growth of the impact on social networks has been proportionally greater in the CNC than in the ACSCC. However, the ACS virtual congress generated the greatest impact on social networks measured by the number of users, tweets and impressions between 2015 and 2020 (AU)

Predictors of complications and mortality following left colectomy with primary stapled anastomosis for cancer: results of a multicentric study with 1111 patients.

AIM: Reports detailing the morbidity-mortality after left colectomy are sparse and do not allow definitive conclusions to be drawn. We aimed to identify risk factors for anastomotic leakage, perioperative mortality and complications following left colectomy for colonic malignancies. METHOD: We undertook a STROBE-compliant analysis of left colectomies included in a national prospective online database. Forty-two variables were analysed as potential independent risk factors for anastomotic leakage, postoperative morbidity and mortality. Variables were selected using the 'least absolute shrinkage and selection operator' (LASSO) method. RESULTS: We analysed 1111 patients. Eight per cent of patients had a leakage and in 80% of them reoperation or surgical drainage was needed. A quarter of patients (24.9%) experienced at least one minor complication. Perioperative mortality was 2%, leakage being responsible for 47.6% of deaths. Obesity (OR 2.8, 95% CI 1.00-7.05, P = 0.04) and total parenteral nutrition (TPN) (OR 3.7, 95% CI 1.58-8.51, P = 0.002) were associated with increased risk of leakage, whereas female patients had a lower risk (OR 0.36, 95% CI 0.18-0.67, P = 0.002). Corticosteroids (P = 0.03) and oral anticoagulants (P = 0.01) doubled the risk of complications, which was lower with hyperlipidaemia (OR 0.3, P = 0.02). Patients on TPN had more complications (OR 4.02, 95% CI 2.03-8.07, P = 0.04) and higher mortality (OR 8.7, 95% CI 1.8-40.9, P = 0.006). Liver disease and advanced age impaired survival, corticosteroids being the strongest predictor of mortality (OR 21.5, P = 0.001). CONCLUSION: Requirement for TPN was associated with more leaks, complications and mortality. Leakage was presumably responsible for almost half of deaths. Hyperlipidaemia and female gender were associated with lower rates of complications. These findings warrant a better understanding of metabolic status on perioperative outcome after left colectomy.

Complicaciones de los traumatismos abdominales / Complications in abdominal trauma

Las complicaciones de los traumatismos abdominales pueden dividirse en dos grandes grupos: las que afectan de forma general a todo el organismo, que finalizan en el denominado fracaso multiorgánico, y las que afectan exclusivamente al abdomen como la hemorragia postoperatoria, las complicaciones de la herida, el síndrome compartimental, la peritonitis y abscesos, la obstrucción intestinal y la colecistitis alitiásica. No hay que olvidar que los médicos pueden contribuir a la existencia o empeoramiento de una complicación abdominal tras un traumatismo debido a un retraso en el diagnóstico de la lesión o a tratamientos incorrectos. Para prevenir las complicaciones de los traumatismos abdominales debe realizarse una valoración inicial del enfermo protocolizada con una reanimación eficaz, mantener una vigilancia de todo enfermo politraumatizado durante un mínimo de 24 h, emplear los métodos diagnósticos y terapéuticos estableciendo prioridades, ante una duda diagnóstica no escatimar pruebas diagnósticas por agresivas que sean, y realizar una operación adecuada en la técnica y con una correcta exploración de todos los órganos abdominales (AU)

Congenital oesophagobronchial fistula in an adult involving left main bronchus.

Congenital fistulae between the tracheobronchial tree and oesophagus usually originate from the lower end of the trachea or right main bronchus. The case history is presented of a man in whom a fistula between the oesophagus and left main bronchus was not diagnosed until the age of 48.

[Massive lithiasis of the intra and extrahepatic bile ducts. Presentation of a clinical case]. / Litiasis masiva de la vía biliar intra y extrahepática. Presentación de un caso clínico.

A case of massive intra and extrahepatic lithiasis in a 52 year-old-man is presented. Diagnosis was confirmed by ultrasonography, CT and percutaneous cholangiography. The value of the different diagnostic procedures is analyzed. The need for elective surgical treatment is insisted on in order to remove the majority of the calculi, treatment of stenosis and adequate biliary drainage. Our case was treated with an hepatico-jejuno-duodenostomy (end to side) on an isolated jejunal loop with sphincteroplasty for drainage of the distal choledochus. In the postoperative period the patient was treated with Methyl-tert-butyl-ether for dissolution of the remaining calculi.